托福單字 同義、近似字 (三)
在背英文單字的時候不要僅僅只背中文，因為同樣中文是上升、下降，就可能有物理性的升高，抬高或者數字上的上升、下降的不同，這有時就會體現單啃單字書的缺點，因為第一、單字書雖然幫你整理好了分類單字，但是可能並未詳盡地解釋單字涵義；第二、除了分科單字外，如果是按照A~Z的整理，說實在沒有關連性的整理，其實也不容易背誦記憶單字。
上升
| ascend | (V.) |
to move up or climb something ；to rise to a position of higher rank |
例句：
(1) Nott and Dickinson set a new altitude record when they ascended 55,900 feet in their balloon.
(2) They move freely from one department to another as they ascend the civil service ladder.
| lift | (V.) | to move something from a lower to a higher position； to make something more interesting or enjoyable； to end a rule or law；to steal something. |
| (N.) |
an act of lifting or raising something；a device like a box that moves up and down, carrying people or goods from one floor of a building to another or taking people up and down underground in a mine |
例句：
(1) She lifted the last of her drink to her lips.
(2) A barrage would halt the flow upstream and lift the water level.
| surge | (V.) |
a sudden and great increase ；a sudden increase of an emotion；a sudden and great movement forward |
| (N.) |
例句：
(1) Surging imports will add to the demand for hard currency.
(2) He was overcome by a sudden surge of jealousy.
| rocket | (V.) |
to rise extremely quickly or make extremely quick progresstowards success. |
| (N.) | a large cylinder-shaped object that moves very fast byforcing out burning gases, used for space travel or as a weapon ；a type of firework that flies up into the airbefore exploding |
例句：
(1) The nation has experienced four years of rocketing crime.
(2) There has been a renewed rocket attack on the capital.
| boast | (V.) |
to speak too proudly or happily about what you have done or what you own；to have or own something to be proud of |
| (N.) |
例句：
(1) Frommen says his country boasts a healthy economy.
(2) For a start, you will now see plenty more women – the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, for example, boasts that 40% of its new enrolment is female.
| soar | (V.) |
to rise very quickly to a high level；to reach a great height；(of a bird or aircraft) to rise high in the air while flying without moving the wings or using power |
例句：
(1) Insurance claims are expected to soar.
(2) They soar so beautifully, Natasha, like birds.
| boom | (V.) |
a period of sudden economic growth, especially one that results in a lot of money being made； a deep and loud hollow sound |
| (N.) |
例句：
(1) Public transport has not been able to cope adequately with the travel boom.
(2) Lemming populations also undergo periodic boom and bust cycles
下降
| descend | (V.) |
to go or come down ；If darkness or night descends, it becomes dark and day changes to night. ；If a negative or bad feeling descends, it is felteverywhere in a place or by everyone at the same time. ；If a large group of people arrive to see you, especially if their visit is unexpected or causes you a lot of work, you can say that they have descended on you. |
例句：
(1) Troglobites may descend from troglophiles over time, through adaptation.
(2) Curious tourists and reporters from around the globe are descending upon the peaceful villages.
| plummet | (V.) | to fall very quickly and suddenly |
例句：
(1) The Prime Minister's popularity has plummeted to an all-time low in recent weeks.
(2) The car went out of control on a bend and plummeted down an embankment.
| plunge | (N.) |
a sudden and large fall in value or level；a sudden movement or fall forward, down, or into something (V.)： to (cause someone or something to)move or fall suddenly and often a long way forward, down, or into something |
例句：
(1) The slightest aberration would plunge him into a morass.
(2) The Pound plunged to a new low on the foreign exchange markets yesterday.
| slump | (V.) |
(of prices, values, or sales) to fall suddenly ；to sit or fall heavily and suddenly |
| (N.) |
a fall in the price, value, sales, etc. of something；a period when an industry or the economy is in a bad state and there is a lot of unemployment |
例句：
(1) Government popularity in Scotland has slumped to its lowest level since the 1970s
(2) .However, low interest rates should prevent a slump.
| tumble | (V.) |
to fall a lot in value in a short time；to fall quickly and without control；to move in an uncontrolled way, as if falling or likely to fall |
例句：
(1) Share prices continued to tumble today on the Tokyo stock market.
(2) The economy could likely tumble into a recession.
| fluctuate | (V.) |
to change, especially continuously and between one level or thing and another |
例句：
(1) The actual cost may fluctuate above and below that standard.
(2) Body temperature can fluctuate if you are ill.
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