Irma

托福分類單字 "Astronomy" 天文學 (一)

天文學也是托福聽力很愛考的一種題目之一，這方面的資料和新聞我覺得滿好找的，主要是有一個非常有名的機關"NASA"( National Aeronautics and Space Administration )，透過這個機關發出的新聞就可以找到不少最近很夯的新聞，所以想要增加這部分的知識背景，NASA 是非常好用的網站。 

1) Astrophysics (N.) 天體物理學

2) astrophysicist  (N.)  天體物理學家

3) Astronomical (Adj.)  天文學的；天文的，天體的 ； 極為巨大的；天文數字的

4) Celestial  (Adj.) 天的，天空的；天外的

5) Centrifugal (Adj.) 離心的 

6) Clockwise  (Adj./ Adv.)  順時針的(地

7) Cosmology (N.) 宇宙學 ；宇宙起源論

8) Cosmos  (N.) 宇宙

9) cosmetic (N./ Adj.) 宇宙的 ；虛飾的，表面的； 化妝品

10) Faint  (Adj./ V./ N.)  微弱的；不清晰的；微小的；暈倒

11) Emission (N.) 排放物；（氣體、熱量、光線等的）排放，散發，射出

12) Cluster (N.) 星團 ； （同類物聚集的）串，叢，束，群

13) Comet (N.) 彗星

14) Chondrite (N.)  球粒狀隕石 

15) Chromosphere  (N.)  太陽的色球層) 

16) not have the faint idea 根本不知道

17) Celestial map 天體圖

18)Feeble  (Adj.)  虛弱的；衰弱的，無力的； 無效的；不佳的  

19) Gas (N./ V.) 氣體； 氣體燃料；煤氣；天然氣（外科手術用的）麻醉氣； 腸胃氣脹； 汽油 ； 令人愉快的場面 ；用毒氣殺死(殺傷) ；閒聊

20) Black hole 黑洞

截取部分網路新聞資料(天文類)：

The sub-surface ocean on Enceladus is thought to be many kilometres deep, kept liquid by the heat generated from the constant gravitational squeezing the moon receives from the mighty Saturn.

Cassini has already established that this voluminous liquid is in contact with the rock bed from the types of salts and silica that have also been detected in the jets.

But what scientists really wanted to know is if a particular interactive process seen at Earth was taking place in the distant abyss - something called serpentinisation.

At the mid-ocean ridges on our planet, seawater is drawn through, and reacts with, hot upwelling rocks that are rich in iron and magnesium. As the minerals in these rocks incorporate H2O molecules into their crystal structure, they release hydrogen - a byproduct that can be used by some microbes as an energy source to drive their metabolism.

It is the definitive signal for molecular hydrogen in the plumes of Enceladus that Cassini has now confirmed.

"If you were a micro-organism, hydrogen would be like candy - it's your favourite food," explained Dr Chris McKay, an astrobiologist with the US space agency (Nasa).

"It's very good energetically; it can support micro-organisms in grand style. Finding hydrogen is certainly a big plus; icing on the cake for the habitability argument, and a very tasty one at that."

The type of microbes described by Dr McKay are called methanogens because they make methane as they react the hydrogen with carbon dioxide.

資料來源：NASA-BBC