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The Expression Emotions  TOEFL 托福閱讀考古題 Questions (一)  

如以下的問題可以了解托福還是非常重視單字的理解,另外一個重點就是文章段落的理解度。針對文章理解度,托福很常用換句話說的方式來問,也就是在不同的說法下去挑選出符合文章或段落內容的選項。這個部分的訓練,第一個平常要多看這類型的文章汲取相關知識,另一方面就是在初次閱讀文章時,試試看自己是否有辦法依據文章架構快速找出每個段落以及文章的主旨內容。

Paragraph 1: Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or despondent? It turns out that the expression of the many emotions may be universal. Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and approval. Baring the teeth is a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universal sign if anger. As the originator of the theory of evolution, Darwin believed that the universal recognition of facial expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expressions could signal the approach of enemies (or friends) in the absence of language.

 

1. The word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning to

○ Curious

○ Unhappy

○ Thoughtful

○ Uncertain

 

2. The author mentions “Baring the teeth in a hostile way” in order to

○ Differentiate one possible meaning of a particular facial expression from other meanings of it

○ Support Darwin’s theory of evolution

○ Provide an example of a facial expression whose meaning is widely understood

○ Contrast a facial expression that is easily understood with other facial expressions

 

Paragraph 2: Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in all people. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In classic research Paul Eckman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were being depicted in them. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands. All groups, including the Fore, who had almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions. The Fore also displayed familiar facial expressions when asked how they would respond if they were the characters in stories that called for basic emotional responses. Eckman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in a study of ten cultures in which participants were permitted to report that multiple emotions were shown by facial expressions. The participants generally agreed on which two emotions were being shown and which emotion was more intense.

 

3. The word concur in the passage is closest in meaning to

○ Estimate

○ Agree

○ Expect

○ Understand

 

4. The word them in the passage refer to

○ Emotions

○ People

○ Photographs

○ Cultures

 

5. According to paragraph 2, which of the following was true of the Fore people of New Guinea?

○ They did not want to be shown photographs.

○ They were famous for their story-telling skills.

○ They knew very little about Western culture.

○ They did not encourage the expression of emotions.

 

6. Which of the sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?

Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

○ The Fore’s facial expressions indicated their unwillingness to pretend to be story characters.

○ The Fore were asked to display familiar facial expressions when they told their stories.

○ The Fore exhibited the same relationship of facial expressions and basic emotions that is seen in Western culture when they acted out stories.

○ The Fore were familiar with facial expressions and basic emotions of characters in stories.

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