Irma

托福分類單字 "Botany" 植物學 (二)

就相關植物學的內容，大都是主要幾種植物類型的生態或演化過程的說明。而就單字部分來說，一個單字可能就有多種意思存在，詞性的變化可能也會在影響單字的涵義，而意思相近的單字如shell 和 husk 中文的意思上可能都是外殼的意思，但其中 husk 比較偏向是植物中穀類種子的外殼；而shell另外有軟體動物的外殼或者龜蟹之類的外殼，所以有使用上的差異。

1) peel (N. /V.) 除去，剝去（水果、蔬菜的）皮；（表層）脫落，剝落；剝去（表層），剝去…的殼；（皮膚因日曬而）脫皮；（尤指水果和蔬菜被削掉的）外皮

例句

(1)  Peel, seed and roughly chop the butternut squash. 

(2) His face, at the moment, was peeling from sunburn.

2) skin (N. /V.) 剝掉…的皮，去掉…的皮；皮膚；皮；外殼；（某些液體置於空氣中或冷卻後形成的）膜，薄層；面板（電腦程式的一部分，你可以改變它，以便使螢幕上顯示不同的圖片、圖案、顏色等）

例句

(1)  If your skin becomes red, sore or very scaly, consult your doctor.

(2)  The outer skin of the orange is called the 'zest'

3) shell (N. /V.)（尤指堅果、蛋、某些動物的）殼；（尤指內部遭破壞、被去除或尚未建成的建築物、車輛的）；框架，骨架；炮彈；賽艇；剝去…的殼炮轟，炮擊

例句

(1) The shell should start to come away very easily.

(2) Once the eggs have hatched the shells are left behind. 

4) husk (N.)（種子或果實的）外殼

例句

(1)  Unaware of how to eat it, he did not first remove the husk. 

(2) Their strength is prodigious; one can wrench the head off of a man with his hands as easily as a person can husk an ear of corn.

5) trunk (N.) 樹幹；（人體的）軀幹；象鼻；(汽車後的)行李箱；旅行箱

例句

(1) The boy could be seen with his legs wrapped around the trunk.

(2) I always keep a blanket and a toolkit in the trunk for emergencies.

6) branch (N. /V.) 樹枝；一部分；支族，旁系分支；機構；分部；分行；分店；支流；岔路；發出新枝；分岔

例句

(1) You get to know every branch, every tree. 

(2) Oncology is the branch of medicine dealing with tumors.

7) branch off（道路）岔開，分岔

例句

(1) She branched off down the earth track.

(2) Think of it as a branch off the "Origins" story tree to expand the "Dragon Age" universe. 

8) branch out 涉足（尤指新工作）；擴展（業務）

例句

(1) I'm leaving the company to branch out on my own. 

(2) Three months later, the Treasury Department singled out the Oregon branch. 

9) bough (N.) 大或者粗的樹枝

例句

(1) To ambush us in greenwood bough. 

(2)  A broken bough...jabbed Adolf in the ribs. 

10) twig (N.) 細枝，嫩枝；（突然）懂得，明白，領悟

例句

(1) By the time she'd twigged what it was all about it was too late. 

(2) The leg broke itself, snapping like a twig.

11) bark (N. /V.) 樹皮；狗吠聲；狗吠；怒吼

例句

(1) A small dog barked at a seagull he was chasing. 

(2) A policeman held his gun in both hands and barked an order. 

12) jungle (N.) 熱帶叢林；雜亂的一堆；生存競爭激烈殘酷之處

例句

(1) Others are moving into the isolated central mountain jungle. 

(2) ocial security law and procedure remain a jungle of complex rules. 

13) lawn (N.) 草坪； 上等细麻布

例句

(1) He remembered mowing the lawn, lounging around the swimming pool.

(2) There were kids' bikes all over the lawn.

14) meadow (N.) 草地，牧場

例句

(1) We punted up towards Grantchester and had a picnic in a meadow.

(2) Transport to and from Mill Meadow is not included.

15) prairie 大草原

例句

(1) A single spark can start a prairie fire.

(2) .Melodies appear as if dropped suddenly by a prairie wind.

截取部分網路wiki資料(Parasitic Plant)

 parasitic plant is a plant that derives some or all of its nutritional requirements from another living plant. They make up about 1% of angiosperms and are in almost every biome in the world. All parasitic plants have modified roots, named haustoria (singular: haustorium), which penetrate the host plants, connecting them to the conductive system – either the xylem, the phloem, or both. This provides them with the ability to extract water and nutrients from the host. Parasitic plants are classified depending on where the parasitic plant latches onto the host and the amount of nutrients it requires. Some parasitic plants are able to locate their host plants by detecting chemicals in the air or soil given off by host shoots or roots, respectively. About 4,500 species of parasitic plant in approximately 20 families of flowering plants are known.