Irma

托福分類單字 "Chemistry" 化學 (二)

以下的托福單字屬於化學學科中比較基礎的，所以一定要把握住，但是有時化學會混雜著物理、天文或環境等等相關內容在內，其實在背單字的時候將單字分門別類整理在背，是幫助透過於聯想的方式加深對單字的記憶和在聽到相關單字時能加速反應出內容而已，並不表示托福考試內容每一個篇幅就只會跟一個學科有關，因此還是需要多方面涉獵相關知識和單字，才能有效在托福上取得好成績。

1) chemical (Adj. / N.) 化學的；化學製品的；化學品；化學製品

2) chemical agent 化學試劑

3) chemical reaction 化學反應

4) chemical composition ( makeup) 化學成分

5) chemical change 化學變化

6) chemical apparatus 化學器械

7) chemical bond 化學鍵

8) matter (N. / V.)（某一類）物品；（表示數量或時間之少）大約，左右；要緊，重要，有關係

9) substance (N.) 物質；材料；重要性；要旨；實質；根據

10) material (N. /Adj.) 材料，原料；素材；資料；布料；物質的；實體的重要的，重大的；實質性的

11) periodic table 週期表

12) oxygen 氧

13) hydrogen 氫

14) nitrogen 氮

15) calcium 鈣

截取托福閱讀文章(化學類)：

The periodic table is a chart that reflects the periodic recurrence of chemical and physical properties of the elements when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number (the number of protons in the nucleus). It is a monumental scientific achievement, and its development illustrates the essential interplay between observation, prediction, and testing required for scientific progress. In the 1800's scientists were searching for new elements. By the late 1860's more than 60 chemical elements had been identified, and much was known about their descriptive chemistry. Various proposals were put forth to arrange the elements into groups based on similarities in chemical and physical properties. The next step was to recognize a connection between group properties (physical or chemical similarities) and atomic mass (the measured mass of an individual atom of an element). When the elements known at the time were ordered by increasing atomic mass, it was found that successive elements belonged to different chemical groups and that the order of the groups in this sequence was fixed and repeated itself at regular intervals. It was a natural Idea to break up the series of elements at the points where the sequence of chemical groups to which the elements belonged began to repeat itself. Thus when the series of elements was written so as to begin a new horizontal row with each alkali metal, elements of the same groups were automatically assembled in vertical columns in a periodic table of the elements. This table was the forerunner of the modern table.